Applied Optics (Practical)

Paper Code: 
25SPHY401
Credits: 
04
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 
Course Objectives: 
• To understand the 'nature of light' is a favourite inquiry of mankind since ancient times. 
• By the advent of lasers, holography, and optical fibres in twentieth century the optics now-a-days finds application in several branches of science and engineering. 
• This paper provides the conceptual understanding of these branches of modern optics to the students. 
Course Outcomes: 

Course Outcomes (COs): 

 

Course

Learning outcome 

(at course level)

Learning and teaching strategies

Assessment Strategies

Course Code

Course Title

      

 

25SPHY401/ 25SPHY601

Applied Optics (Practical)

CO1: Understand the principle of Laser and differentiate between three and four level laser.

 

CO2: Discuss the various applications of laser. 

 

CO3: Apply the knowledge of lasers in different fields.

 

CO4: Analyze the results from plane diffraction grating and LED experiment.

 

CO5: Analyze the results from solid state laser, LDR & photovoltaic cell.

 

CO6: Contribute effectively in Course specific interaction.

Approach in teaching:

Interactive Lectures, Discussion, Tutorials, Power point presentation,Problem Solving in tutorials, guest lectures

 

Learning activities for the students:

Self learning assignments, Effective questions, Seminar presentation, Solving numericals

Class test, Semester end examinations, Quiz, Solving problems ,Assignments,Presentations

 

 

12.00
Unit I: 
LASER physics
Basic Principle of Laser, Einstein Coefficients, condition for light amplification , Population Inversion,  Optical Resonators , Three level and four level systems. 
Types of LASER and output modulation methods                                   
Solid State lasers - Ruby and Nd-YAG Laser , Gas lasers - He-Ne and CO2 lasers,  semiconductor lasers - Heterojunction lasers , Liquid Dye lasers.
 
12.00
Unit II: 
Applications of LASER

Application of laser in industry - cutting and welding , Drilling , surface Hardening , Medical applications - laser as diagnostic and therapeutic tool , Holography - Theory of recording and reconstruction, applications of Holography.

12.00
Unit III: 
Unit III:
• To determine the grating radial spacing of the Compact Disc (CD) by reflection using He-Ne or solid state laser. 
• To find the width of the wire or width of the slit using diffraction pattern obtained by a He-Ne or solid state laser.
 
12.00
Unit IV: 
Unit IV:
• To find the polarization angle of laser light using polarizer and analyzer.
• To determine the wavelength and angular spread of laser light by using plane diffraction grating. 
• To study I-V characteristics of LED.
 
12.00
Unit V: 
Unit V:
• To Study the characteristics of solid state laser. 
• To  Study the characteristics of LDR.
• To study the Characteristics of Photovoltaic Cell.
Essential Readings: 
• “LASERS: Fundamentals & applications, K.Thyagrajan  & A.K.Ghatak, 2010, Tata  McGraw Hill
• “An Introduction to laser: Theory and Applications” by M. N. Avadhanulu, S. Chand and Co., New Delhi 2011. 
• “Introduction to Fiber optics” by K. Thyagarajan and Ajoy Ghatak, Cambridge University, 2010. 
• “Optical Fiber communications” by John M. Senior, Cambridge University Press, 1996.
 
 
References: 
Suggested Readings:
• “Fiber-Optic communication systems”, Govind P. Agrawal, John-Willey & Sons. 
• “ Fibre optics through experiments”, M.R.Shenoy, S.K.Khijwania, et.al. 2009, Viva Books.
• “ Optical Electronics”, Ajoy Ghatak and K. Thyagarajan, 2011, Cambridge University Press.
 
E-Content:
 
Academic Year: 
2025-2026
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