Mechanics (Theory)

Paper Code: 
CPHY 111
Credits: 
04
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

Course Objectives:

This course will enable the students to

To acquaint the students with the fundamental laws and principles involved in motion and to introduce some properties of matter like elasticity so that they develop abilities and skill that are relevant to the study and practice of Physics related to general properties of physical bodies. After completing a course on Mechanics, the students will acquire abilities to apply its knowledge to basic problems of the physical world.

 

Course Outcomes (COs):

 

Course

Learning outcome

(at course level)

Learning and teaching strategies

Assessment Strategies

Paper Code

Paper Title

 

CPHY 111

 

Mechanics

(Theory)

The students will be able to –

 

 CO1: Understand laws of motion and their application to various dynamical situations, motion of inertial frames and concept of Galilean invariance.

 

CO2: Describe how fictitious forces arise in a non-inertial frame, e.g., why a person sitting in a merry-go-round experiences an outward pull.

 

CO3: Understand the phenomena of collisions and idea about center of mass and laboratory frames and their correlation.

 

CO4: Apply Kepler’s law to describe the motion of planets and satellite in circular & elliptical orbit, through the study of law of Gravitation.

 

CO5: Describe special relativistic effects and their effects on the mass and energy of a moving object.

 

CO6: solve the problems on elasticity through the study of Young Modulus, modulus of rigidity, torsion of a cylinder & Bending of beam.

 

CO7: Understand the basic principles of quantum mechanics and able to differentiate between classical & quantum theory.

Approach in teaching:

Interactive Lectures, Discussion, Tutorials, Power point presentation,  Demonstration, problem solving  in tutorials

 

 

Learning activities for the students:

Self learning assignments, Effective questions, numerical solving ,Seminar presentation.

Class test, Semester end examinations, Quiz, Solving problems , Assignments, Presentations

 

12.00
Unit I: 
Physical Laws and Frames of Reference:
Inertial and non inertial frames, examples, Transformation of displacement, velocity and acceleration between different frames of reference involving translation in uniform motion, Galilean transformation and invariance of Newton’s laws, Transformation equations of displacement velocity and acceleration for rotating frames, Fictitious forces (Coriolis force and centrifugal force), effects of Centrifugal  and  Coriolis forces due to earth’s rotation, Focault’s pendulum.
 
12.00
Unit II: 
Centre of mass:

Centre of mass of a two particle system, motion of centre of mass and reduced mass conservation of linear momentum, elastic and inelastic collision of two particles in laboratory and center of mass frames, motion of a system with varying mass, Angular momentum conservation with examples, charged particle scattering by nucleus.

12.00
Unit III: 
Motion under central forces:
Motion under central forces, gravitational interaction, general solution under gravitational interaction, discussion of trajectories, cases of elliptical and circular orbits, Keplers laws.
Special theory of relativity:                                                                     
 Postulates of special theory of relativity, Lorentz transformations, length contraction, Time dilation, transformation and addition of velocities
12.00
Unit IV: 
Elastic Properties of Matter:

Elastic constants: Young’s Modulus, Bulk Modulus, Modulus of Rigidity, Poisson’s ratio. Relation between the elastic constants, torsion of a cylinder. Bending of beams: Bending moment, Cantilever, Potential energy and oscillation of a loaded cantilever, cantilever loaded at one end (i) when weight of beam is negligible (ii) When weight is considered, Beam supported at both ends and loaded in the middle, Experimental determination of elastic constants (Y, h ,s).

12.00
Unit V: 
Introduction to Wave Mechanics:
Duality of radiation and matter, De broglie’s hypothesis, justification for the relation, Experimental confirmation of l = h/p (Davission and Germer experiment).
Uncertainty principle relating to position and momentum, relating to energy and time, its applications to various quantum mechanical problems such as:
(i) Non-existence of electrons in nucleus
(ii) Ground state energy of H-atom
(iii) Ground state energy of Harmonic oscillator
(iv) Natural width of spectral line
Schrodinger equation:
Wave function and its interpretation, Schrödinger time dependent and time independent one-dimensional equation, three-dimensional  Schrödinger wave equation, probability current density, physical meaning of  ψ, conditions to be satisfied by  ψ.
 
Essential Readings: 
• “Elements of Mechanics”, Gupta, Prakash and Agrawal, Pragati Prakashan, Meerut.
• “Elements of Mechanics”, J.C.Upadhyaya ,Himalaya Publishing House,2006.
• “Quantum mechanics” L.L. Schiff, Tata Mc Graw Hill.
• “Quantum mechanics”, Chatwal and Anand, Himalaya Publishing House.
• “Elementary Quantum Mechanics and Spectroscopy” Kakani, Hemrajani and Bansal, College Book House Jaipur.
 
References: 
Suggested Readings:
 
• “Fundamental University Physics”, Vol. I and II, Addison  Wesley, Reading      Mars, LISA.
• “Berkley Physics Course”, Vol. I, Mc. Graw Hill, New York.
• “The Feynmann Lectures in Physics”, Vol. 1, R. P. Feynman, R.B. Leighton and M. Sands , B.I. Publications, Bombay, Delhi, Calcutta, Madras.
• “Physics”,Part 1, David Halliday and Resnick , John Wiley and Sons, Inc. Newyork. 
• “Properties of Matter”, D.S.Mathur, S.Chand & Company.
• “Introduction to Modern Physics”,H.S. Mani and G.K. Mehta, East West Press Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
• “Quantum Mechanics”, S.P. Singh, M.K. Bagde and Kamal Singh,S. Chand & Co.
• “Quantum Mechanics”, A Listair, I M Rac, ELBS (low price edition).
• “Quantum Mechanics”, S.N.Biswas, Books & Allied,Calcutta (P) Ltd.
 
E- Content:
 
 
Academic Year: 
2023-2024
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